What does a student learn in StateKansas,GradeGrade 3,SubjectMathematics?

Interpret products of whole numbers, (e.g. interpret 5·7 as the total number of objects in 5 groups of 7 objects each.)

Interpret whole-number quotients of whole numbers, (e.g. interpret 56÷8 as the number of objects in each share when 56 objects are partitioned equally into 8 shares, or as a number of shares when 56 objects are partitioned into equal shares of 8 objects each.)

Use multiplication and division within 100 to solve word problems in situations involving equal groups, arrays, and measurement quantities, (e.g. by using drawings and equations with a symbol for the unknown number to represent the problem.)

Determine the unknown whole number in a multiplication or division equation by using related equations.

Apply properties of operations as strategies to multiply and divide.

Understand division as an unknown-factor problem.

Fluently (efficiently, accurately, and flexibly) multiply and divide with single digit multiplications and related divisions using strategies (e.g. relationship between multiplication and division, doubles, double and double again, half and then double, etc.) or properties of operations.

Solve two-step word problems using any of the four operations. Represent these problems using both situation equations and/or solution equations with a letter or symbol standing for the unknown quantity. Assess the reasonableness of answers using mental computation and estimation strategies including rounding. This standard is limited to problems posed with whole numbers and having whole-number answers.

Identify arithmetic patterns (including patterns in the addition table or multiplication table), and explain them using properties of operations.

Use place value understanding to round whole numbers to the nearest 10 or 100.

Fluently (efficiently, accurately, & flexibly) add and subtract within 1000 using strategies (e.g. composing/decomposing by like base-10 units, using friendly or benchmark numbers, using related equations, compensation, number line, etc.) and algorithms (including, but not limited to: traditional, partial-sums, etc.) based on place value, properties of operations, and/or the relationship between addition and subtraction.

Multiply one-digit whole numbers by multiples of 10 in the range 10 to 90 (e.g. 9⋅80, 5⋅60) using strategies based on place value and properties of operations.

Draw a scaled picture graph and a scaled bar graph to represent a data set with several categories. Solve one- and two-step "how many more" and "how many less" problems using information presented in scaled bar graphs.

Generate measurement data by measuring lengths using rulers marked with halves and fourths of an inch. Show the data by making a line plot, where the horizontal scale is marked off in appropriate units—whole numbers, halves, or quarters.

Tell and write time to the nearest minute using a.m. and p.m. and measure time intervals in minutes. Solve word problems involving addition and subtraction of time intervals in minutes, (e.g. by representing the problem on a number line diagram.)

Measure and estimate liquid volumes and masses of objects using standard units of grams (g), kilograms (kg), and liters (l) (Excludes cubed units such as cm³ and finding the geometric volume of a container).

Add, subtract, multiply, or divide to solve one-step word problems involving masses or volumes that are given in the same units, (e.g. by using drawings (such as a beaker with a measurement scale) to represent the problem.)

Understand that shapes in different categories (e.g. rhombuses, rectangles, trapezoids, kites and others) may share attributes (e.g. having four sides), and that the shared attributes can define a larger category (e.g. quadrilaterals). Recognize rhombuses, rectangles, and squares as examples of quadrilaterals, and draw examples of quadrilaterals that do not belong to any of these subcategories.

Partition shapes into parts with equal areas. Express the area of each part as a unit fraction of the whole.

Recognize area as an attribute of plane figures and understand concepts of area measurement.

A square with side length 1 unit, called "a unit square," is said to have "one square unit" of area, and can be used to measure area (does not require standard square units).

A plane figure which can be covered without gaps or overlaps by n unit squares is said to have an area of n square units (does not require standard square units).

Measure areas by counting unit squares (square cm, square m, square in, square ft, and non-standard square units).

Relate area to the operations of multiplication and addition

Find the area of a rectangle with whole-number side lengths by tiling it, and show that the area is the same as would be found by multiplying the side lengths.

Multiply side lengths to find areas of rectangles with whole-number side lengths in the context of solving real world and mathematical problems, and represent whole-number products as rectangular areas in mathematical reasoning.

Use tiling to show in a concrete case that the area of a rectangle with whole-number side lengths a and b+c is the sum of a·b and a·c. Use area models to represent the distributive property in mathematical reasoning.

Recognize area as additive. Find areas of rectilinear figures by decomposing them into non-overlapping rectangles and adding the areas of the non-overlapping parts, applying this technique to solve real world problems.

Solve real world and mathematical problems involving perimeters of polygons, including finding the perimeter given the side lengths, finding an unknown side length, and exhibiting rectangles with the same perimeter and different areas or with the same area and different perimeters.

Understand a fraction 1/b as the quantity formed by 1 part when a whole is partitioned into b equal parts; understand a fraction a/b as the quantity formed by a parts of size 1/b.

Understand a fraction as a number on the number line; represent fractions on a number line diagram.

Represent a fraction 1/b on a number line diagram by defining the interval from 0 to 1 as the whole and partitioning it into b equal parts. Recognize that each part has size 1/b and that the endpoint of the part based at 0 locates the number 1/b on the number line.

Represent a fraction a/b on a number line diagram by marking off a lengths 1/b from 0. Recognize that the resulting interval has size a/b and that its endpoint locates the number a/b on the number line (a is the countable units of 1/b that determines the place on the number line).

Explain equivalence of fractions, and compare fractions by reasoning about their size (it is a mathematical convention that when comparing fractions, the whole is the same size).

Understand two fractions as equivalent (equal) if they are the same size, or the same point on a number line.

Recognize and generate simple equivalent fractions, (e.g. ½ = 2/4, 4/6 = 2/3.) Explain why the fractions are equivalent, e.g. by using a visual fraction model.

Express whole numbers as fractions, and recognize fractions that are equivalent to whole numbers.

Compare two fractions with the same numerator or the same denominator by reasoning about their size. Recognize that comparisons are valid only when the two fractions refer to the same whole. Record the results of comparisons with the relational symbols >, <, =, or ≠, and justify the conclusions, (e.g. by using a visual fraction model.)